Fire Protection and Prevention

Construction sites are high fire risk environments: flammable materials, temporary electrical systems, hot work operations, and incomplete fire protection systems in partially-built structures. OSHA 1926.150 requires fire protection programs on all construction sites. Fire classification: A (ordinary combustibles), B (flammable/combustible liquids and gases), C (energized electrical), D (combustible metals), K (cooking oils). ABC dry chemical is the most common type on construction sites. PASS technique: Pull pin, Aim at base, Squeeze handle, Sweep side to side. Extinguishers within 75 feet of Class A hazards, 50 feet of Class B.

Hot work is a leading cause of construction fires. Hot work permits should be required before any welding, cutting, grinding, or other spark-producing work. Elements: identify combustibles within 35 feet (remove or cover), confirm fire extinguisher present, assign a trained fire watch (during and 30 minutes after). Flammable liquid storage: maximum 25 gallons per room without sprinklers, in approved safety cans with flash arresters, away from ignition sources. Construction sites with partial fire suppression systems must implement interim protection measures.

For OSHA 30 supervisors: establish a site-specific hot work permit program with documented authorization and fire watch procedures. Conduct fire drills and ensure all workers know evacuation routes from partially-built structures. Verify that fire extinguishers are in proper locations, fully charged, and inspected monthly. Coordinate with the building owner/GC regarding fire suppression system status during construction and ensure appropriate interim protection is in place when permanent systems are not yet active.